Ants
- There are 60 species of ants in North America.
- There are 35,000 kinds of ants in the world.
- For every human there are 1 million ants.
- The common Black Ants and Wood Ants have no sting, but they can squirt a spray of formic acid.
- Some birds put ants in their feathers because the ants squirt formic acid which gets rid of the parasites.
- The Slave-Maker Ant (Polyergus Rufescens) raids the nests of other ants and steals their pupae. When these new ants hatch,they work as slaves within the colony.
- The worker ants keep the eggs and larvae in different groups according to ages.
- The insect with the largest brain in proportion to its size is the ant.
- The queen feeds her eggs her own saliva.
- Some ants sleep seven hours a day.
- Ants have two stomachs one for them and one to feed others.
- The queen ant has wings.
- Wood ant workers live seven to ten years.
- There are sixty species of ants in North America.
- There are thirty-five thousand kinds of ants in the world.
- When the only queen ant dies, so does the entire colony, because no new workers are born.
- The brain of an ant has about 250,000 brain cells.
- The sense of smell of an ant is just as good as a dog’s is.
- Ants can lift an object up to fifty times their body-weight and carry it over their heads. They don’t do this with their feet, but with their mouths.
- A leaf-cutter ant queen mates only once–just before establishing a new colony. She can then keep the sperm viable for up to 15 years and produce as many as 300 million offspring.
- For more than 3,000 years, Carpenter ants have been used to close wounds in India, Asia and South America.
Bed Bugs
- Bed bugs prefer to hide in cracks and crevices during the daytime and come out to feed on the host’s blood at night, usually while the host is sleeping.
- Adult bed bugs are about 1/4-inch long and reddish-brown, with oval, flattened bodies.
- The common bed bug, whose preferred host is humans, is rarely encountered, presumably because of improvements in sanitation.
Bees
- Africanized honey bees (aka killer bees) will pursue an enemy 1/4 mile or more.
- A bee has five eyes, two large compound eyes on either side of its head, and three ocelli (primitive eyes)
on top of its head to detect light intensity.
- Bees use the sun as a compass. Even when the sun is obscured by clouds, bees can detect it’s position from the light in brighter patches of the sky.
- Bees are capable of seeing ultraviolet light which is invisible to humans.
- Bees fly an average of 13-15 mph.
- A bee travels an average of 1600 round trips in order to produce one ounce of honey; up to 6 miles per trip. To produce 2 pounds of honey, bees travel a distance equal to 4 times around the earth.
- Honeybees visit about 2 million flowers to make one pound of honey.
- During honey production periods, a bee’s life span is about 6 weeks.
- Just a single hive contains approximately 40-45,000 bees!
- Honeybees are the only insects that produce food for humans.
- About 8 pounds of honey is eaten by bees to produce 1 pound of beeswax.
- Beeswax production in most hives is about 1 1/2% to 2% of the total honey yield.
- The average hive temperature is 93.5 degrees.
- Queens will lay almost 2000 eggs a day at a rate of 5 or 6 a minute. Between 175,000-200,000 eggs are laid per year.
- The sole purpose of a drone bee is to mate with the queen bee.
- Bees from the same hive visit about 225,000 flowers per day. One single bee usually visits between 50-1000 flowers a day, but can visit up to several thousand.
- Honeybees have hair on their eyes.
- A colony of bees have to fly almost fifty-five thousand miles and tap two million flowers to make one pound of honey.
- A honey bee strokes its wings about 11,500 times a minute.
- Bees can communicate with other bees by dancing. Their dance can alert other bees as to which direction and the distance nectar and pollen is located.
- It takes 12 honeybees to make one teaspoon of honey.
- In one trip, a honey bee visits about 75 flowers.
- In one day, a queen bee can lay up to 1500 eggs.
- In a lifetime, on average a honey bee produces 1/12th of a teaspoon of honey.
- A honey bee has four wings.
Butterflies
- Monarch caterpillars shed their skin four times before they become a chrysalis, growing over 2700 times their original size.
- Butterflies taste with their feet.
- Female Queen Alexandra butterflies, from Papua and New Guinea, are the largest in the world, some with wingspans larger than 26 cm.
- A tagged Monarch butterfly was released near Ontario, Canada and was recovered 4 months later in Angangueo , Mexico. The straight line distance between these two sites is 2,133 miles.
- Butterflies get their name from the yellow brimstone butterfly of Europe that is first seen in the early spring or “butter” season.
- Female Queen Alexandra butterflies, from Papua and New Guinea, are the largest in the world, some with wingspans larger than 26 cm.
- Butterflies and moths are found on all land masses except Antarctica.
- There are over 2,000 species of butterflies in the rainforests of South America.
- Butterflies belong to, alongside with moths to an order called Lepidoptera.
- The fastest flying butterfly is the Monarch, which has been clocked with a speed as high as 17 miles per hour.
Butterflies are further divided into 30 orders, the main basis of classification being their wing structure.
- Night butterflies have ears on their wings so they can avoid bats.
- The color in a butterfly’s wings does not come from pigment. The color is produced prism-like by light reflected by their transparent wing scales.
- The largest butterfly is the Queen Alexandra’s birdwing butterfly from Papua New Guinea. The wingspan of the butterfly can reach to be almost one foot.
- A butterfly has to have a body temperature greater than 86 degrees to be able to fly.
- A butterfly can see the colors red, green, and yellow.
- The original name for the butterfly was ‘flutterby’.
Centipedes
- A centipede in southern Europe has 177 PAIRS of legs.
Cicadas
- The male cicada may be the loudest insect known. The mating sound can be heard as far as 440 yards.
Cockroaches
- A German cockroach can survive a month or more without food but less that two weeks without water.
- A cockroach can live up to nine days without its head.
- The fastest land moving insects are the tropical cockroaches. They can move 50 body lengths per second. This would be equivalent to a human sprinter running the 100 yard dash in 1 second or approximately 200MPH!
- The largest cockroach is Megaloblatta longipennis of Columbia (that name is not a joke…honest). The largest specimen ever recorded was a female that measured 3.81 inches long by 1.77 inches across!
- One female cockroach can produce two million offspring in one year. Average breeding session produces 35,0000 offspring.
- Cockroaches’ favorite food is the glue on envelopes and on the back of postage stamps.
- Scientists have actually performed brain surgery on cockroaches.
- A cockroach can change directions up to 25 times in a second.
- If a cockroach breaks a leg it can grow another one.
- The earliest fossil cockroach is about 280 million years old–80 million years older than the first dinosaurs!
Dragonflies
- A dragonfly has a lifespan of for to seven weeks.
- Dragonflies can fly up to 50 miles per hour.
- The dragonfly has not changed over the last 300 million years.
- The fastest known insect is a dragonfly that has been clocked at 58 kilometers an hour.
- Dragonfly larvae use their jet butts to help them catch and eat up to 300 mosquito larvae a day.
Fleas
- There are more than 2,400 flea species in the world.
- Most fleas do not live past one year.
- A flea can jump 150 times its size. That is the same as a person able to jump up 1,000 feet in the air.
- A female flea must have a blood meal to lay her 50 eggs EVERY day and she lives for over a year.
- There are more than 2,400 flea species in the world.
Flies
- The life span of a housefly is two weeks to a month.
- The average airspeed of a housefly is 4.5 m.p.h.
- Flies are attracted by odors and usually enter buildings through open doors and windows near garage and food.
- Flies like heat, light and low wind.
- Flies can “taste” with their feet.
- The most dangerous insect in the world is the common housefly. They carry and transmit more diseases than any other animal in the world.
- Flies have over 4,000 facets for sight in each eye.
- Deer flies will bite a hole in your skin with their strong mandibles, put a little saliva-like material in the wound to keep the blood from clotting and lap up the blood with a sponge-like proboscis.
- Adults live for about a month and produce 500 to 2,000 eggs in their life.
- The house fly “hums” in the key of F.
- A midge fly holds the record, with a wing beat of 1046 times a second.
- A housefly can only ingest liquid material. They regurgitate their food to liquefy the food that they are going to eat.
- A house fly’s feet are 10 million times more sensitive than a human tongue.
- A midge fly holds the record, with a wing beat of 1046 times a second.
Ladybugs
- The male ladybug is usually smaller than the female.
- During hibernation, ladybugs feed on their stored fat.
- Ladybugs make a chemical that smells and tastes terrible so that birds and other predators won’t eat them.
- A female ladybug will lay more than 1000 eggs in her lifetime.
- There are nearly 5,000 different kinds of ladybugs worldwide and 400 which live in North America.
- Ladybugs really are not bugs. They are actually beetles and their correct name is The Ladybird Beetle.
Locusts
- Locusts can eat their own weight in food in a day. A person eats his own body weight in about half a year.
Mosquitos
- Only female mosquitoes bite humans. Male mosquitoes live on natural liquids from plants and other resources.
- Mosquitoes prefer children over adults.
- Mosquitoes are attracted to the color blue more than any other color.
- The average life span of a mosquito is two weeks.
- One of every 1,000 mosquitoes carries a disease that could be fatal to humans.
- The mosquito is the deadliest creature on Earth, responsible for more than 300 million cases of malaria each year, and causes between 1-3 million deaths. There are about 200 kinds of mosquitoes in North America.
- The amount of blood a female mosquito drinks per serving is five millionths of a liter.
- The itch from a mosquito bite can be soothed by cutting open a clove of garlic and rubbing it on the bite.
- Mosquitoes prefer children over adults.
- Mosquitoes are attracted to the color blue more than any other color.
- A mosquito flaps its wings 500 times a second.
- Out of every 1,000 mosquitoes, one female carries a disease that could be fatal to humans.
- There are approximately 2,700 different species of mosquitoes.
- Some mosquitoes can beat their wings 600 times a second.
Scorpions
- Living scorpions reflect ultraviolet light and can glow with an eerie greenish colour when exposed to UV light, no matter what colour they appear under normal lighting conditions.
- A scorpion can have up to 12 eyes.
Spiders
- Of the 35,00 species of spiders, only 27 species are known to have caused human fatalities.
- The bite of a Black Widow Spider is not automatically fatal. In fact, less than 1% of all people bitten by this spider run the risk of dying, and most of them are saved by the use of antivenin.
- Spiders usually have 8 eyes but still cannot see well.
- There are over 70,000 types of spiders spinning their webs in the world.
- Certain female species of spiders such as the Australian crab spider, sacrifice their bodies as a food source for their offspring.
- Some male spiders pluck their cobwebs like a guitar, to attract female spiders.
- Fried spiders taste like nuts.
- The largest spider ever was the Megarachne which had a diameter of 50 cm. The fossil was found in Argentina.
- The bite from a black widow spider is not automatically fatal. In fact, less than 1% of all people bitten by this spider run the risk of dying, and most of them are saved with the use of antivenin.
- The skeleton of a spider is located on the outside of the body.
- Spiders usually have eight eyes, but still they cannot see that well.
- There are about 34,000 species of spiders.
- Spiders have claws at the ends of their legs.
- Only the female black widow spider has a poisonous bite. The male spider’s venom is not poisonous and it does not attack its prey.
- Of the 35,000 species of spiders, only 27 species are known to have caused human fatalities.
Walking Sticks
- The eggs of walking stick insects are among the largest in the insect world. Some eggs are more than eight millimetres long.
- The longest insect is a walking stick that can reach a length of 33 centimetres.
- The Jungle Nymph Stick is one of the heaviest insects. In Malaysia they are often kept by people who feed them guava leaves and use the droppings to make tea.
Termites
- While they can be pests to homeowners, termites are actually beneficial insects, ecologically speaking. Termites are actually important decomposers. Termites break down tough plant fibers, recycling dead and decaying trees into new soil. These hungry insects are vital to the health of our forests. As they tunnel, termites also aerate and improve the soil. It just so happens that we build our homes from termite food, wood.
- Termites digest cellulose with the help of microorganisms in their guts. Termites feed on plants directly or on fungus growing on decaying plant material. In either case, they must be able to digest tough plant fibers, or cellulose. The termite gut is loaded with microorganisms capable of breaking down cellulose. This symbiosis benefits both the termites and the microorganisms living within their insect hosts. The termites house the bacteria and protozoa, and harvest the wood. In return, the microorganisms digest the cellulose for the termites.
- Termites feed on each other’s feces. Termites aren’t born with all that bacteria in their gut. Before they can start the hard work of eating trees, termites must obtain a supply of microorganisms for their digestive tracts. They engage in a practice known as trophallaxis, or, in less scientific terms, they eat each other’s poop. Termites must also resupply themselves after they molt, so poop eating is a big part of life in the termite mound.
- Termites lived 130 million years ago, and descended from a cockroach-like ancestor. Termites, cockroaches, and mantids all share a common ancestor in an insect that crawled the Earth about 300 million years ago. The fossil record’s earliest termite specimen dates back to the Cretaceous period. A termite holds the record for the oldest example of mutualism between organisms, too. A 100-million-year old termite with a ruptured abdomen was encased in amber, along with the protozoans that lived in its gut.
- Termite fathers help raise their young. You won’t find deadbeat dads in the termite mound. Unlike in bee colonies, where males are short-lived and die soon after mating, the termite kings stick around. After their nuptial flight, the termite king stays with his queen, fertilizing her eggs as needed. He also shares parental duties with the queen, helping her feed their young predigested food.
- Termite workers and soldiers are almost always blind. In almost all species, both the workers and soldiers in a given termite colony are blind. Since these industrious individuals spend their lives in the confines of the dark, damp nest, they have no need to develop functional eyes. Reproductive termites are the only termites that require eyesight, since they must fly to find mates and new nest sites.
- When termite soldiers detect a threat, they tap warning signals to the colony. Termite soldiers form the world’s tiniest heavy metal mosh pit when danger comes to the nest. To sound the alarm, soldiers bang their heads against the gallery walls to send warning vibrations throughout the colony.
- Chemical cues guide most communication in the termite colony. Termites use pheromones, special chemical scents, to talk to one another and control each other’s behavior. Termites leave scent trails to guide other workers using special glands on their chests. Each colony produces a distinct scent, identified by a chemical on their cuticles. In some species, the queen can even control the growth and role of her young by feeding her pheromone-laden poop.
- New kings and queens can fly. New reproductive termites are winged, and able to fly. These young kings and queens, called alates, leave their home colony and fly out in search of a mate, often in large swarms. Each royal pair of king and queen emerges from the swarm together and finds a new place to found their own colony. They break their wings off and settle down in their new home to raise their offspring.
- Termites are well-groomed. You wouldn’t think an insect that spends its time in the dirt would be so fastidious about its grooming, but termites make an effort to stay clean. Termites spend a great deal of time grooming each other. Their good hygiene is important to their survival, as it keeps parasites and harmful bacteria under control within the colony.
Wasps
- Wasps that feed on ferment occasionally get drunk and pass out.
- Tarantula wasps paralyze tarantulas and lay a single egg on the still living spider; when the egg hatches, the wasp larva has fresh food.
- The female yellow jacket wasp lays both fertilized and unfertilized eggs. Female workers develop from the fertilized egg and male drones develop from the unfertilized egg.